雅思話題寫作：延遲退休成為全球趨勢

　　由于全球人口平均預期壽命的不斷增長和老齡化現象的加劇，各國都面臨養老金不足和社會保險經濟壓力過重的問題。包括英國、德國、法國、美國在內的眾多國家都不約而同地出臺了延遲法定退休年齡的措施，這一現象已經成為世界流行的趨勢。同時，也因為損害了勞動者權益，遭到了其國內民眾的強烈反對：

　　EU urges governments to raise retirement age

　　(BRUSSELS) - European governments need to raise the retirement age because workers are living longer and their pension systems could implode, the European Commission said on Wednesday。

　　The European Union's executive arm formally launched a debate already raging in several EU countries that are planning unpopular measures to bring down huge public deficits and keep their pension systems afloat。

　　"The number of retired people in Europe compared to those financing their pensions is forecast to double by 2060 -- the current situation is simply not sustainable," said EU social affairs commissioner Laszlo Andor。

　　"The choice we face is poorer pensioners, higher pension contributions or more people working more and longer," Andor said at the official presentation of a "green paper" on pensions。

　　Weak growth, ballooning national debt and higher unemployment "have made it harder" to make good on pension promises and "more urgent" to reform them, the commission paper says。

　　In the past 50 years, life expectancy in the European Union has risen by about five years and could increase by another seven years by 2060, the commission says。

　　At the moment there are four working-age people for every person over 65 in the 27-nation EU. That ratio will drop to two for every person over 65 by 2060, the commission says。

　　On average, Europeans retired at the age of 61.4 in 2008.

　　This compares to 65 years for workers in the United States and 70 years in Japan. In the 31-nation Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the average retirement age for men is 63.5.

　　Andor denied "unfounded rumours" that he was calling for the retirement age to be raised to 70 in Europe。

　　John Monks, general secretary of the European Trade Union Confederation, said the commission's proposal was "unrealistic"。

　　"Where is the evidence that employers want to keep older workers in work?" Monks said in a statement。

　　"We know the life expectation is rising but see no evidence that a higher age of retirement would be matched by employers developing workplaces which encourage older workers to remain at work," he said。

　　我們來看看各國在這一問題上的不同反應：

　　Govt denies immediate plan for retirement age rise

　　BEIJING - China's human resources authorities are seeking to relieve growing public concerns over the government's reported consideration to lift the retirement age in response to a financial shortage facing the country's pension fund。

　　"China has no immediate plan to adjust the retirement age," an unidentified official of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (MHRSS) was quoted as saying on Thursday by People's Daily。

　　France retirement age protests turn violent

　　(PARIS) Protests against a proposed hike in retirement age by the French government took an increasingly radical turn with masked youths setting fires in cities across France yesterday。

　　UK retirement age challenge fails

　　In the UK, a worker can see their employment end at the age of 65 without any redundancy payment - even if they do not want to retire。

　　However the judge in the case said there was a compelling case for the compulsory retirement age to rise。